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Benedict XVI on Globalization and Authentic Development
June 29, 2009
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June 29, 2009
Benedict XVI on Economic Aid and Development
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April 13, 2008
Religion and Development Database
Publications (184)
An increasing number of organizations and programs are grappling with problems at the intersection of religion and development. On this site you have access to the latest world news on the topic and can explore faith-related efforts across countries, regions, and issue areas. The Religion and Global Development Resources are supported by the Luce/SFS Program on Religion and International Affairs.
In this report the President's Advisory Council on Faith-based and Neighborhood Partnerships identifies modern-day slavery as a vital moral issue, advocating urgent and collaborative action from the US government. The report lays out ten recommendations for President Barack Obama, including a summit to raise awareness, a "National Call to Action" on the issue, improved strategies for embassies and USAID Missions, and an informational "toolkit" for religious and community-based organizations....
The United States Institute of Peace's "Special Report on Religion and Peacebuilding" notes the growing recognition of religious institutions’ role in conflict resolution and government partnerships. The report tracks the history of religious peacebuilding and identifies challenges in the present and future such as integration with secular initiatives, the inclusion of women and youth, diversity of traditions, and evaluation. The report also traces the institutional history of USIP's Religion...
Faith Partnership Principles: Working Effectively With Faith Groups to Fight Global Poverty was composed by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) in collaboration with UK Aid to outline a transparent and collaborative relationship between DFID and faith actors in development. The document establishes a commitment to building a mutual understanding of religion and development; documenting, researching, and evaluating the influence of faith groups; and collaborating on...
UNICEF's report on“Partnering with Religious Communities for Children” intends to bolster partnerships with religious communities and make them more effective to improve children’s lives. This report provides information about religious traditions and identifies the diverse perspectives that exist within and outside the same traditions. The report includes examples of effective partnerships and best practices across a broad range of program areas such as child protection, education, health,...
Sponsored by DFID's Religions and Development Programme, this research comparatively analyzes the extent to which religious actors help or hinder development in India, Pakistan, Nigeria, and Tanzania. The report draws conclusions on which types of government coexist with different types of religious demography as well as how religious groups contribute to democratic governance. Individual case studies reference historical trends in order to better understand contemporary challenges.
Any effort to understand and improve the nexus between religion and economic development will entail a "top-down" dimension (focusing on government policy) and a "bottom-up" dimension (focusing on the perspectives and behaviors of religious actors themselves). This special issue of The Review of Faith & International Affairs (Winter 2010) brings top-down and bottom-up together in a common forum. It features an article by Katherine Marshall on “Development, Religion, and Women’s Roles in...
In this article from the Review of Faith & International Affairs, Robert Lloyd details former president George W. Bush’s move to ensure equal access to government funding for faith-based organizations engaged in development work. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is the principle federal institution for foreign aid, and prior to Bush’s presidency, faith-based organizations were often excluded from USAID funding. Lloyd describes the process of amending USAID...
This Harvard University Center for International Development working paper discusses the impact of religious beliefs on personal finance decisions, specifically the higher deposit growth rates in Islamic banks in Pakistan. The paper explores the positive effect of the financial crisis on religious banks despite lower credit scores and the complex, interconnected factors influencing personal finance decisions for a religiously-motivated population. Sections of the paper include (i) background...
The report "Partnership with Faith-Based Organizations: UNAIDS Strategic Framework" draws on an 18-month consultation process to detail a new framework for cooperative interaction between UNAIDS and FBOs in support of the global goal of universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care, and support. The report begins by clarifying the terms of discussion and highlighting the crucial role FBOs play in providing HIV-related health services. It acknowledges mistrust of the other on both sides...
Caritas in Veritate is an encyclical by Pope Benedict XVI addresses the relationship between charity and truth as the foundation of the Church's social doctrine. Benedict XVI praises the work of Pope Paul VI in Populorum Progressio and commits to reinterpreting the principles of integral human development for contemporary times. After reviewing the writings of Paul VI, he uses the current financial crisis to evaluate the global economic system and present-day conceptions of development. True...
This article states that, given global inequalities in reproductive health care, faith-based organizations are a key partner in providing services to vulnerable populations. Consequently, it argues, identifying, mapping, and assessing their work will be helpful in improving overall capacity in this sector. The document outlines methodology, international faith-based partners, and includes sample questionnaires and other related forms. The proposal builds on efforts like those that produced...
This report by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) documents the nature and impact of its partnerships with faith-based organizations in the Asia-Pacific region. It focuses on shared initiatives on issues of maternal health, gender equality, migration and youth welfare, and documents the best practices of these strategic alliances throughout Asia. It contains summaries and information about the discussions at the conference and the ensuing recommendations for action from a broad range...
Signed at the Interfaith Climate Summit in Uppsala, Sweden, the Uppsala Manifesto draws on the principles of the world's faith traditions in a powerful call to address climate change and promote environmental stewardship. It begins by admitting that humans are affecting the world's climate in unprecedented ways, and the necessary solutions will be equally far-reaching. Religions provide a unique source of hope and ethical guidance as leaders develop global strategies and affix responsibility...
Edited by Gerard Clarke and Michael Jennings, Development, Civil Society and Faith-Based Organizations promotes greater consideration of the contributions of faith-based organizations in development. Focusing on Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, it touches on the intersection of religion and international aid, welfare services, gender, human rights, and democracy. It critiques the secularism integrated in traditional development theory and initiatives in the North and argues for the...
The advocacy guide Faith at the UN, Gender in the Church: Ecumenical Women's Guide to Advocacy focuses on participation in the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women, though it also includes advice for local and national efforts. Divided into four sections, the guide begins with a history of the sponsoring organization, Ecumenical Women. The following two sections then address advocacy strategies at the United Nations and within local churches and communities. The final section...
This organizational report summarizes the mission and work of the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN). AKDN is a movement that brings together organizations working to develop a social conscience of Islam through charity work in Asia and Africa. The Aga Khan Development Network achieves its mission in several ways: (i) promoting stability, (ii) increasing access to formal education, (iii) empowering the poor, (iv) recognizing and accepting diversity, (v) identifying the multiple causes of...
The UNDP HIV/AIDS Regional Programme in the Arab States (HARPAS) outlines objectives and methods for its Religious Leaders & HIV/AIDS Initiative, a program to enroll and mobilize religious leaders and promote interfaith dialogue in the fight against HIV/AIDS in the Arab region. It believes dialogue at its core is not found in theological debates or compliments, but rather in solidarity and commitment in the face of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Beginning in 2004, HARPAS has hosted seven regional and...
This publication of the World Faiths Development Dialogue discusses socially engaged Buddhism as a frame for development practice and modernization in Southeast Asia, particularly in Thailand. Socially engaged Buddhism is a response to the western, secular approach to development that prioritizes economic growth rather than environmental sustainability, social justice, cultural diversity, and spiritual wellbeing. This paper discusses the formation of socially engaged Buddhism and the...
In this paper, the World Wildlife Foundation defines the concept of "Sacred Gifts for a Living Planet," promises from every major religion and every continent to advance the conservation goals of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). A Sacred Gift addresses a specific environmental problem or need and promotes sustainable responses from faith communities. The Journey to Kathmandu Initiative seeks to spotlight the WWF, its conservation goals and outreach to major faiths, and the successes...
This is a pamphlet from the All African Anglican Conference on HIV/AIDS featuring hymns and prayers from the closing religious ceremonies. The final Eucharist of the conference took place on Thursday, August 16, 2007 with a theme of "United In Jesus We Embrace All Who Live With HIV/AIDS in Africa." The pamphlet includes the liturgy for use during the procession, reflection and lighting of the HIV/AIDS candle, penitence, readings from Luke 10:25-37, and communion.
This paper, prepared by the Chinese Taoist Association in Beijing, outlines the theological basis for Taoist interest in development, as well as a vision for equality. It discusses the economic and social teachings of the Taoist tradition born of principles such as virtue, balance, and restraint from desire. Taoism originated nearly 2,000 years ago in China and, as such, is integrated into modern Chinese culture. As the only indigenous religion represented in the five most prominent faiths in...
This document discusses the United Nations Population Fund's efforts to integrate religion and faith-based organizations into its "Program of Action for Population and Development." It lays out reasons why religious groups are crucial partners for its initiative and provides several examples of country programs, including Brazil, Ethiopia, Niger, and Sudan, where the UNFPA has successfully partnered with religious leaders and faith-based organizations to promote and provide reproductive...
This article chronicles the first serious discussion between religious leaders and World Bank representatives regarding development funding. It outlines the historical and practical importance of the World Faiths Development Dialogue conference and the opportunities and challenges that grew out of it. The meeting resulted in the creation of the Alliance of Religions and Conservation and a promise from World Bank representative Andrew Steer to actively explore ways for the Bank to work more...
"Appreciating Assets: The Contribution of Religion to Universal Access in Africa" reports on the importance of partnerships with faith-based organizations in sub-Saharan Africa. It focuses on data collected from Zambia and Lesotho on the prevalence and community perception of FBOs working with HIV/AIDS patients. It ultimately offers advice to public health and religious leaders in their fight against HIV/AIDS. The report was produced by the African Religious Health Assets Program (ARHAP)...
The Joint Declaration of the International Catholic-Jewish Liaison Committee summarizes the Committee's nineteenth meeting in Cape Town, South Africa, which used the theme "Dignifying the Divine Image" to explore beliefs about healthcare and the HIV/AIDS pandemic. It first notes the fortieth anniversary of Nostra Aetate and celebrates the progress in dialogue made since that time. Moving on to consider those affected by HIV/AIDS, the declaration admits continuing disagreement over prevention...
This executive summary of the Pew Forum's 10-country survey of Pentecostals provides a quantitative analysis of the religious, political, and civic views of individuals who are part of the Pentecostal Christian tradition. Surveys were conducted in the United States, Brazil, Chile, Guatemala, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, India, the Philippines, and South Korea. They explore religious experiences and beliefs, moral values and social attitudes, personal and social outlooks, and political views...
In this address delivered at the Interfaith Summit on Africa, Bishop Charles E. Blake, Sr. discusses faith based solutions to social justice issues in Africa, namely poverty and HIV/AIDS. In 2001 he co-founded The Pan African Children's Fund, aka, Save Africa's Children (PACF/SAC) to assist faith-based institutions in serving orphans in sub-Saharan Africa. Supported by the United Nations Children's Fund and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, PACF/SAC offers financial support,...
In this 2006 report the Firelight Foundation, a support organization for HIV-positive children in Sub-Saharan Africa, provides information on faith-based programs and strategies to aid children and families affected by HIV/AIDS in the region and advocates greater funding for family- and community-based programs. The report was updated and reprinted in Fall 2008. The report has been supported and endorsed by UNICEF, American Jewish World Service, the Bernard van Leer Foundation, Save Africa's...
The Faiths and the Environment report amalgamates information about the many projects and groups involved in the Faiths and Environment program. The World Bank launched the program in 2000 to encourage the ecological protection efforts of faith-based initiatives. In this report, the World Bank argues that religious groups are natural partners in environmental stewardship and calls for the facilitation of their involvement in conservation efforts, providing examples of projects promoting this...
In an article published by the African Jesuit AIDS Network (AJAN), Michael Czerny, S.J., discusses the comparative benefits of ARV (antiretroviral) versus community education programs in fighting HIV/AIDS by considering African and Western perspectives and using supporting examples of Church-led programs. He posits that, while ARVs are an important component of the struggle against HIV/AIDS, overemphasis on this method of treatment risks drawing much needed attention and funds away from...
Michael Kelly, a Jesuit priest living in Zambia, suggests a more dynamic framework for approaching the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS. He argues that the continuation of the pandemic is rooted in oppressive human structures linking poverty, gender disparities, stigma, discrimination, and global socio-economic disparities. He criticizes two models of responding to the disease: the biomedical, pharmaceutical model and the behavioral model. Instead he advocates an approach focusing on the...
Originally published in the Bulletin of the Jesuit Centre for Theological Reflection, this pamphlet brings together essays about AIDS in Zambia by Michael J. Kelly, SJ. It offers a holistic view of the epidemic, its causes and consequences, and a series of socio-economic and religious responses to its challenges. Father Kelly is a Jesuit priest, Zambian citizen, educator, researcher, and activist on HIV/AIDS. His work is based on his experiences living in Zambia for over 50 years. This...
In this article, J. Paul Martin of Columbia University's Center for the Study of Human Rights compares the successful development of post-WWII Europe with less successful attempts in Africa during the last 50 years. He argues that more comprehensive and systematic planning needs to take place in order to produce more effective development efforts in Africa. He contributes to the search for alternate paradigms of development by exploring rights-based development and the relationship between...
The Religions and Development Research Programme is an international research partnership based at the University of Birmingham. Its purpose is to explore the relationship between religion and development. In this report, it summarizes the first six months of the organization's life and outlines a program for Phase 1, which lasted from April 2006 to August 2010. In addition, it describes the purpose and themes of its research program, opportunities for further improvement, its management...
This World Bank PowerPoint presentation called "Faith and Human Development in Africa: Worlds Apart, Worlds in Tension, Common Paths" explores development challenges within the context of religion in Africa. The presentation begins by addressing the assumption that most major religions have a stake in alleviating poverty. It discusses the historical implications of faith and religion in Africa, the strengths and weaknesses of faith-based organizations, and possible ideas and...
In this paper, the World Council of Churches (WCC) urges its members to continue to fight the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. The paper includes a description of the current HIV/AIDS situation, an affirmation of the church's renewed commitment to combat the epidemic and to care for those affected by the disease, a list of objectives, a conclusion, and space for members to formalize their commitment by signing the document. The WCC presented this paper at its Ninth Assembly in Porto Alegre, Brazil...
Produced following the 2005 "Workshop on Religion, Politics, Conflict and Humanitarian Action," this publication includes a collection of essays on the roles of religious organizations in humanitarian action from the perspectives of different faith traditions. The participants/authors included experts from Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, and Hindu faith-based organizations. The issue of proselytism among religious groups is addressed, and it suggests that faith-based relief organizations need...
In this document, Hilary Benn, British Secretary of State for the Department for International Development, provides a general overview of the role of faith groups in development and peace movements. He examines faith-based groups as components of civil society and sources of national and international coalitions. The report comes out of the British Department of International Development's acknowledgment of the centrality of faith in initiatives involving the poor. To translate understanding...
In this paper, the World Bank explores the mutually reinforcing relationship between HIV/AIDS and conflict in Africa, calling for faith-based organizations to ensure HIV/AIDS relief and prevention are included in programs serving war-affected populations. It discusses the difficulties of preventing mother-to-child transmission in refugee camps and the absence of prevention and counseling services for refugees and internally displaced people. Often faith-based organizations are the only...
In this paper, Wendy Tyndale, a researcher at the World Faiths and Development Dialogue, discusses the current market system of economics, the global state of spirituality, and the development of global ethics. She uses her conclusions to advocate a new world order with less emphasis on competition and more emphasis on humanity. She recognizes a common future that can be achieved only through cooperation at the global level. This paper was addressed to the Islamic Millennium Forum and the...
This declaration discusses faith-inspired values across religious traditions embedded in the Millennium Development Goals. In particular, it defends the ability to determine the number and spacing of children as a universal human right critical to the achievement of the MDGs and poverty relief. The document concludes with a commitment by progressive faith leaders to work within their own traditions to better incorporate reproductive health issues into human rights and public policy...
"A Call to Partnership" is a declaration of principles and a call to action produced at the Consultation of Religious Leaders on Global Poverty conference, which was held at the Washington National Cathedral in September 2005. The signatories call on governments to promote just societies through greater accountability, partnerships with religious communities and faith-based organizations, debt relief and development assistance, trade justice, and security. The leaders then call on churches to...
Co-authored by Carol Lancaster and Ann Van Dusen, Organizing U.S. Foreign Aid: Confronting the Challenges of the 21st Century argues that while U.S. foreign aid has increased in recent years, the way it is organized and delivered by the U.S. government has become increasingly fragmented and chaotic. The proliferation of federal agencies engaged in foreign aid has created serious disconnects and inefficiencies in the use of this important tool of U.S. foreign policy. Lancaster and Van Dusen...
In this paper, Katherine Marshall explores the African religious landscape, discusses the implications of global changes in religion for Africa, and analyzes the role of religion in African development. The paper fits into a wider effort by the World Bank to examine the links among religion, poverty, social service provision, and development. It ultimately recommends increased study of the impact of religion in development policy and incorporation of a faith-based dimension into country...
In this paper published by the National Bureau of Asian Research, Laura M. Kelley and Nicholas Eberstadt discuss the extent to which the HIV/AIDS pandemic has affected the Muslim world and describe the policy implications of these findings. The authors strongly criticize governments' hesitation to accept the urgency of the crisis, which they attribute to their unwillingness to accept that behaviors associated with the spread of HIV/AIDS, including premarital sex and intravenous drug use, take...
Continuing the saga of the faith and development dialogue launched by James D. Wolfensohn and Lord George Carey (the former president of the World Bank and former Archbishop of Canterbury, respectively), Katherine Marshall and Lucy Keough describe the January 2005 meeting of religious and development leaders in Dublin, Ireland. Participants embraced the opportunity to debate controversial topics, including HIV/AIDS and gender, but found common ground in their commitment to equitable and...
In this article from the International Review of the Red Cross, Anne-Marie Holenstein discusses the risks and potential of the participation of faith-based organizations in development work, noting that religion is often an impetus for sustainable development while also acknowledging the misuse and exploitation of religion. Holenstein asserts that the role of religious organizations in development has historically been ignored, and that the cooperation between these organizations and...
This United States Agency for International Development (USAID) publication establishes the aim, nature, and methodology of development ethics, including specific proposals for incorporating development ethics within USAID policy formation and practice. The document is divided into two parts. The first explores origins, agreements, controversies, and agendas of development ethics. The second looks at the intersection of development ethics and USAID, including a "toolkit" of development...
This report was published by Human Rights Watch in 2005 to examine and addresses the shift of policy in Uganda from effective and scientifically proven HIV prevention strategies to ideological approaches that focus solely on abstinence. A major factor in this strategic shift has been the influence of important religious leaders in the community. The document includes a series of recommendations to the government in Uganda, the US Congress, the Presidential Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief...
In this working paper, Anne-Marie Holenstein discusses the role of religion and spirituality in international development work. In 2002, the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation sponsored a conference which addressed the topic, “Religion and Spirituality - a taboo in development co-operation?”. The tempered response of the NGOs which attended the conference lead to the launch of a period of reflection and directed dialogue regarding the topic. This document is the result of these...
This report from the Ecumenical Pharmaceutical Network details the results of research conducted in the summer of 2004 regarding access to and understanding of anti-retroviral drugs in Kenya. The results were presented to a group of 42 representatives from churches, church health services, NGOs, and government organizations. A key finding of the research is the need for increased cooperation and sharing of practices within the church and church health service community in Kenya. Steps for...
This document summarizes the Fourth Meeting of World Faith and Development Leaders, held in Dublin, Ireland. Participants explored issues of poverty eradication, globalization, social justice and equity, as well as tangible ways in which faith and development organizations could better cooperate to address common concerns. The conference in Dublin concentrated on social tensions, marginalized communities, and security. The series of meetings began in London in 1998 and were inspired by...
This article on "Faith, Equity and Development" by Vibha Pingle assesses how religious movements are influencing the development process of states. It explores the relations between faith, poverty, and development, by examining specific religions and religious groups in a number of different countries. The paper examines the role of Islam, Christianity, and Hinduism in Nigeria and Egypt as well as the role of Islam in Indonesia. Pingle comes to the conclusion that identity politics has led to...
In this paper prepared as background for the 2005 meeting of faith and development leaders in Dublin, World Bank economist F. Desmond McCarthy reviews various structural and institutional changes in Ireland that have led to a more prosperous economy. He describes the importance of the Catholic Church in religious, political, and social arenas in the 1960s, and the subsequent rise of secularism in the 1970s. This change, combined with integration with Europe, increase in the flow of...
The fourth of a four-part Human Development Report series, the "Arab Human Development Report 2005: Towards the Rise of Women in the Arab World" focuses on the empowerment of women as a necessary and crucial part of development in the region. The report examines the conditions experienced by women in the Arab world, and it explores a broad range of challenges and opportunities for further improvement in their situation. Intended to be provocative and to stimulate debate, the opinions...
In this report the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) investigates the status of children living in the Islamic World. The report focuses on health, education, child protection, and HIV/AIDS. It is written within the context of larger Millennium Development Goals and a commitment to "A World Fit for Children." A major question explored in this report is whether or not the global community is meeting its commitment to children in the Islamic World. The report also provides statistical...
This report from the University of Wales-Swansea analyzes the engagement of the United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DFID) with faith groups and the opportunities and challenges such engagement presents for poverty reduction. It was written for advisory, senior administrative, and management staff within DFID. The report reflects a renewed understanding of the importance of faith-based organizations in poverty reduction and explores the need "to harness the latent...
This report by the Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life describes the challenges and uncertainties of the growing Muslim population in Europe. It predicts a substantial increase in the Muslim population over the next few decades and suggests that Muslims will play significant role in determining Europe's future. It focuses on immigration of Muslims to Europe in search of work and the ways in which European countries are managing the change in their populations.
Through interviews with key decision makers in six countries, the Global Health Council analyzes the role and scope of faith-based organizations (FBOs) as part of the global response to HIV/AIDS. Commissioned by the Catholic Medical Mission Board, the study attempted to select countries representing a variety of regions, stages of the epidemic, and religious traditions. The report found that FBOs are successful in mitigating the negative effects of HIV/AIDS, empowering vulnerable groups, and...
Published by the Centre for AIDS Development, Research and Evaluation (CADRE), this paper analyzes the efforts of faith-based organizations to provide HIV/AIDS relief and prevention services in South Africa. Research on HIV/AIDS in South Africa has traditionally focused on the strategies of national and provincial governments to fight the epidemic. Less attention has been given to the work of non-governmental and community organizations, including faith-based organizations. This report...
In this Bread For All pamphlet, Cristoph Stuckelberger outlines the impact of corruption on development work and discusses various methods to combat corruption. He believes corruption is the most salient issue for international, political institutions, because it affects all countries, reduces the efficiency of development efforts, undermines justice, weakens democracy, makes the rich richer, and supports dictators. The pamphlet focuses on the ways in which governments and faith-based...
In this article, Scott M. Thomas of the University of Bath examines the limitations of modernization theories to explain the global resurgence of religion. He argues that previous methods used by policy makers to analyze failed or weak states no longer hold in a post-9/11 world. He explores the ways in which U.S. foreign aid policy can benefit from cultural and religious pluralism, primarily by working with faith-based organizations to create religious centers that develop social capital.
In this speech delivered at the Couchiching Conference, Katherine Marshall explores the relationship between religion and development, specifically as it relates to poverty alleviation. Her speech, entitled "The Emergence of a Faith and Development Dialogue and the Challenges of Fundamentalism and Terrorism for Development Institutions," concludes with an appreciation and an openness to the ways in which faith and development can intersect and enhance one another. The most important next step...
In this essay written at the 60th Anniversary of the World Bank and published in Global Future, Lucy Keough of the Bank's Development Dialogue on Values and Ethics Unit reflects on the value of working with faith-based organizations in development efforts. She emphasizes the substantial overlap between the broad goals of the World Bank and faith communities. Pointing out instances of successful cooperation, she acknowledges that historically the relationship between them has often been marked...
In this letter issued by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger prior to his elections as Pope outlines the Catholic Church's contemporary perspective on the role of women in society. The principle of "active collaboration" rests on the notion of complementary equality, which acknowledges both the fundamental differences between men and women and their shared humanity. Ratzinger uses the concept of covenant to illustrate the parallels between the marriage...
Reverend John Bryson Chane, the Bishop of Washington, outlines the plan for the Anglican Communion's Canon of Global Mission. The mission focuses on improving and creating partnerships, conducting human rights advocacy, and demonstrating the strong commitment from the Anglican Communion to push for education and women's and children's rights through international partnerships. Special attention is given to southern Africa, particularly Namibia and Swaziland, because of the...
"Conquering Slim: Uganda's War on HIV/AIDS" explores the critical role of religious leaders and faith-based organizations in supporting Uganda's ABC (Abstinence, Be faithful, use a Condom) prevention strategy, education efforts, and anti-stigma initiatives, along with the challenges in sustaining this positive momentum in years to come. It also stresses how cooperation among diverse partners and the integration of multiple initiatives was crucial to Uganda's success. The report was presented...
This paper summarizes the fieldwork done by the World Faiths Development Dialogue (WFDD) in Tanzania. The purpose is to provide an accurate summary of contributions of faith communities to progress towards the Millennium Development Goals. The WFDD presents information on the activities of faith communities and then adds it to the Local Projects Database of Accessible Information on Development Activities (AIDA). The WFDD evaluates faith-based organizations and agencies, both large and small,...
In an address given at the Princeton University Colloquium on Public and International Affairs, Katherine Marshall discusses the challenges facing various faith groups working to eradicate poverty. She describes (i) reasons behind the title of the address, "Mind, Soul and Hands: Challenges for Development/Faith Alliances in Fighting Poverty," (ii) her journey uniting the worlds of development and faith, (iii) her agenda for the week, and (iv) her current work on dialogue initiatives....
In this transcript of the third annual Richard W. Snowdon Lecture at Trinity College, Washington, DC, World Bank President James D. Wolfensohn addresses the Interfaith Conference of Metropolitan Washington (IFC) about the partnership between the World Bank and religious communities. Wolfensohn commends the IFC for its work but emphasizes the need for a global expansion of these efforts. He describes the initiative of the World Bank to incorporate religious and ethical considerations into...
In this speech delivered at Claremont Graduate University, Katherine Marshall discusses the moral dilemmas that globalization brings and the ethical imperatives individuals should take upon themselves in this new millennium. She addresses questions which are central to development practitioners, and which have lingered in the field for some time, including how poverty and globalization are related and why poverty and severe inequality persist in a time of such plenty. Marshall also considers...
In this paper, Abdul Aziz Said outlines the steps and values necessary to create "global citizens" who will prosper in an increasingly interconnected world. He believes global citizenship requires a fusion of tradition, technology, and development and will mitigate the growing gaps in access to knowledge, wealth, and political representation around the world. Said holds the Mohammed Said Farsi Chair of Islamic Peace and is the Director of the Center for Global Peace at American...
This document outlines dialogue between the International Labour Organization and the World Council of Churches concerning the organizations' joint efforts to establish a "Decent Work Agenda" that would integrate the concepts of work and dignity. The two parties intent to explore spiritual dimensions of labor in addition to wages, workplace conditions, and social protections. Specifically, they seek to inject the idea of human dignity into conversations on the protection of workplace...
This article was written in response to the tragic death of Li Siyi, a three-year-old girl who starved in June 2003 after police arrested her mother. Despite the mother's pleas, nothing was done to ensure the welfare of Siyi, who died seventeen days later. In September 2003, Ren Bumei, a Christian dissident intellectual coordinated a hunger strike in memory of Siyi. In this essay, Ren Bumei indicts the Chinese intellectual elite for enabling such tragedies.
In the 2004 edition of China Rights Forum: The Call of the Sacred, Jennifer Chou writes in response to China's growing reputation as a society without humanity and morality. She attributes this attitude to extensive disillusionment with communism and increased emphasis on material wealth. Chou looks to radio talk shows as a source of renewed interest in reinstating China's moral compass. Her article includes the poem "Too Many Things Forgotten" by Zhang Zhen.
This article in the 2004 edition of China Rights Forum: The Call of the Sacred describes the significance of and official attack on Falungong, a peaceful, religious movement in China. It outlines the movement's rapid expansion in the 1990s and reasons why the Chinese government chose to treat the movement as a threat. The article puts Falungong into a broader context of political repression in China, culminating in the resolution on heretical sects passed by the 12th session of the 9th...
In this draft proposal to the Columbia University School of International and Public Affairs, the Nexus Mundi Foundation and Vatican City's SIGNIS Missionary Service describe plans for a pilot project to provide technological access and applications to rural and impoverished areas in Africa. In addition, it seeks to help NGOs performing development work in these areas with the ultimate goal of fighting poverty and achieving the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals. The draft proposal...
In this report the United Nations Population Fund highlights its efforts to support culturally sensitive programs focused on gender equity and reproductive health. Case studies from country programs in Brazil, Ghana, Guatemala, India, Islamic Republic of Iran, Uganda, and Yemen describe a decade's worth of successes and challenges that come with partnerships with community- and faith-based organizations. It concludes by arguing that integrating cultural analysis and strengthening cooperation...
The World Faiths Development Dialgoue contributed analysis to the 2004 World Development Report, an annual World Bank publication concerning the state of global development. This consultation submission discusses ways to address global poverty from a faith-based perspective. It points out that religion remains an important influence in the South even if it has decreased in significance in the North. The document acknowledges the difficulties for international organizations and national...
This is a video of the history of the Catholic Medical Mission Board (CMMB), a US Catholic NGO. It describes 78 years of CMMB presence in the poorest parts of the world, proving access to quality health care services. President and CEO John F. Galbraith articulates what he sees as the CMMB advantage as an extensive partnership network with local organizations and an emphasis on building their capacity to continue providing health care once CMMB has left. CMMB's "Born to Live" clinics provide...
This book from the World Bank explores the ecological ideas found in 11 different religious traditions. It considers if and how environmental protection is consistent with these many traditions, as well as how their practices and institutions can contribute to conservation. It posits that religious communities are a significant force in international politics and economics, as well as the foundations of many cultures, so changing legislation, business practices, and cultural norms about the...
This occasional paper published by the Caux Round Table contains an introduction and three essays that discuss the common values of Abrahamic faiths and their application to business practices. In the introduction, John Dalla Costa writes about corporate integrity and religious standards for business. In section one, Paul Cardinal Poupard, President of the Pontifical Council for Culture, describes the role of religion in positively transforming business leadership. In section two, Dr. M.H....
The fall 2003 edition of Mosaic, a publication of the World Conference of Religions for Peace Women's Program, focuses on the role of women in peacemaking and conflict transformation. The publication highlights the important position of religious women, working on the front lines to restore peace. Articles discuss (i) updates from the field, notably interfaith and conflict resolution initiatives in the Balkans, West Africa, Argentina and Peru; (ii) training on women and conflict in Sierra...
This Tearfund research project addresses the recent increase in casualties and disruption of development projects due to natural disasters. It predicts further increases in vulnerability from population expansion, displacement, HIV/AIDS, environmental degradation and global warming. The report analyzes the lack of incentives for donors to invest in risk-reducing components of development schemes and makes recommendations to help create a preventive culture in which the economic and moral...
In this report, Katherine Marshall summarizes the panels and speeches of the 2003 Fez Symposium, "Giving a Soul to Globalization." The symposium focuses on the transmission of culture and core values from one generation to the next and the current generation's responsibilities to future generations. Marshall identifies four key themes that mark our time: (i) world conflict among, but particularly within, nations, (ii) dramatic disparities between the rich and the poor, (iii) the...
In this concept note, the World Bank outlines a strategy for involving faith-based organizations (FBOs) and national AIDS councils in the fight against HIV/AIDS in Africa. It notes that FBOs are uniquely well positioned to contribute to the fight due to their in-depth knowledge of specific cases and high levels of trust. Specifically, it lays out plans for a practical workshop aimed at identifying reasons why FBOs have difficulty accessing existing resources to combat AIDS, outlining the...
This Integrated Regional Information Networks interview with Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarch Abune Paulos highlights the church's efforts to combat HIV/AIDS. Paulos is the leader of approximately 40 million followers of the Orthodox Tewahedo Church in Ethiopia. He describes the church's efforts to address stigma and behavioral change, its stance on the use of condoms, its predicted reaction if a priest was found to be HIV positive, and its response to criticisms that the church supports the use...
In this statement, the InterAction Council discusses its meeting on terrorism and religious extremism. Following the terrorist attacks on New York and Washington, D.C., InterAction expressed concerns that the "War of Terror" could lead to increased religious tension. Political and religious leaders emphasized the need for initiatives such as the Millennium Development Goals that work towards decent standards of living for all people. They encouraged religious leaders and governments to root...
In a project proposal, Jose Barzelatto describes plans of the Center for Health and Social Policy and the Inter-religious Peace Council to convene international women's leaders for a discussion on improving gender equity. Barzelatto believes women are the predominant group suffering from the negative effects of globalization. In order to accelerate global development, improve social justice, and maintain a peaceful world, the status of women must be addressed. The meeting, if successful,...
Following their Latin America Regional Consultation, members of the Lutheran World Federation (LWF) issued this action plan to combat the spread of HIV/AIDS in Latin America. The statement was a response to and contextualization of LWF's "Compassion, Conversion, Care: Responding as churches to the HIV/AIDS pandemic - An Action Plan of the Lutheran World Federation." The action plan describes the Church's motivation to protect human dignity and delineates local, national, and regional...
This March 2003 newsletter of the Islamic Medical Association of Uganda features articles on HIV/AIDS. It outlines initiatives relating to the "Community Action to Protect Children from HIV/AIDS" project, implemented in the Kawempe, Makindye, and Rubaga divisions of the Kampala District in Uganda. Initiatives include preventing mother-to-child transmission, addressing stigma and discrimination, approaching HIV prevention from the Muslim perspective, and following guidelines for Muslim...
In her speech to the Association of Christian Economists, Katherine Marshall discusses the links between faith institutions and development. She also addresses the background story of the World Faiths Development Dialogue, the Millennium Development Goals, and ethical challenges faced by faith and development practitioners. Faith-based organizations are relevant because of their role in education and health, the high level of trust they generate in certain communities, and their relationships...
This World Peace Foundation (WPF) policy brief outlines the conclusions reached at a conference at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government concerning Nigeria's continuing governance problems. The conference was a part of WPF's Program on Intrastate Conflict and Conflict Resolution. The report focuses on nine critical governance problems in Nigeria: over-centralization, lack of transparency, lack of economic diversification, corruption, sharia law, human rights, an...
The Catholics for a Free Choice report affirms that the Platform for Action, a product of the United Nations' Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing in 1995, resonates with Catholic social teachings on economic justice and human rights. The report provides information for Catholics who are at risk for HIV/AIDS and struggling with questions of faith and the use of condoms for HIV/AIDS protection. It also makes policy recommendations for both the Catholic Church and society at large on...
In association with the Worldwatch Institute, Gary Gardner analyzes the recent rise in religious concern with the environment and sustainable development. He believes progress could be enhanced if religious communities and institutions, environmentalists, and advocates of sustainable development realized their common concerns and worked together. Gardner acknowledges the obstacles in the way of such a partnership, including misperceptions and differences on certain salient issues, but...
The 2002 Annual Report of the Catholic Medical Mission Board highlights the organization's successes, including the allocation of nearly $100 million and the start of an ambitious initiative, "Born to Live," which is aimed at the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission. It also contains several extended testimonials that illustrate the impact of the association's programs, an illustrated timeline of its activities, and information on its contributors.
In this report, the National Council of Churches of Kenya outlines its five-year strategic plan to help promote democracy and peace in Kenya. It believes Kenya is at a transitional crossroads: Kenya has the opportunity to make strides towards democracy, socio-economic development, improved governance, and peace-building, and yet there a number of issues that could undermine the process. The National Council of Churches of Kenya seeks to address these issues and provide possible solutions.
This report by the International Council on Human Rights Policy proposes a human rights framework to guide the work of governments and private citizens in ending global poverty, illiteracy, and oppression. The human rights framework presented in the first section of the report addresses rights, responsibilities, and obligations under international law. Section two explores evolving conceptions of state sovereignty and international anti-poverty initiatives, followed by a final section on how...
In an article in the Carnegie Reporter, Caryle Murphy discusses the deep rifts between Western feminism and Islam and the ways to move beyond mutual misunderstanding to productive coexistence. The process is gradual and must involve women of secular and religious backgrounds. Dialogue for the sake of improving relations among Western and Muslim women has been rare; it is usually the byproduct of other programs and initiatives. Murphy outlines the work of feminist author Kate Millet,...
The United Nations Children's Fund and the UN Special Session on Children emphasize the need for concrete and decisive action to work on behalf of all children, through the establishment and work of Religions for Peace. This report explains the decisions of 40 co-presidents of Religions for Peace to sign a statement outlining their commitment to child welfare. The statement is meant to challenge governments and religions to renew their commitment and increase their efforts.
In this press release, the Catholic Medical Mission Board (CMMB) and the Kenya Episcopal (KEC) Conference announce their joint initiative "Born to Live", designed to fight mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Kenya. The memorandum, signed by CMMB and KEC, enables CMMB to implement its prevention of mother-to-child transmission program into 41 hospitals, 94 health centers, and 276 dispensaries. Members believe this faith-based partnership will significantly reduce HIV/AIDS in...
In "A Buddhist Perspective", Sulak Sivaraksa notes the ways contemporary economic practices clash with Buddhist principles and advocates a sustainable economic model that emphasizes relationships and compassion towards others. In particular, he stresses that material development must be accompanied by spiritual development, and argues for a comprehensive idea of freedom that goes beyond the individualistic models associated with liberal thought. Sivarkasa is one of the founders of the...
This essay in the World Bank report "Conservation of Biology in Mountain Ecosystems" describes the Mongolian Sacred Sites Initiative, a collaborative effort in Mongolia made possible by the World Bank-Netherlands Partnership Program, highlighting the role that faith groups can play in the environmental debate. In Mongolia Buddhist monasteries led rituals at sacred sites and discussed how Buddhist teachings promoted respect and care for the environment. The initiative was supported by...
This summary describes the Community of Sant'Egidio, a lay Catholic association devoted to international humanitarian work, and details its role in mediating peace. The Community of Sant'Egidio began in 1963 as a coalition of students working to poor immigrants and their children. It now has a presence in 60 countries with over 40,000 members. This document focuses on the Community of Sant'Egidio's work in Mozambique and Albania.
In her speech to the International Meeting of the Community of Sant'Egidio, Katherine Marshall focuses on the special challenges of globalization today, namely poverty, HIV/AIDS, and inequality in education. She discusses the challenges of global citizenship, the salience of poverty and social justice in the modern world, and threats and opportunities for daily citizens. She believes something must be done to address the stark differences between the world of abundance and opportunity and...
This document is a project outline for a Parish Nurse Program in Swaziland, held on October 22, 2001 and driven by US Lutheran pastor Dr. Granger Westberg. The program was a response to King Mswanti III's declaration of a "national disaster" regarding HIV/AIDS rates25% of the total population and 40% of pregnant woman were HIV positive, and life expectancy had declined significantly. The program successfully trained 18 Swazi nurses, supplying them with health counseling, teaching materials,...
This document is an outline of a project, led by Medical Assistance Program International (MAP), to mobilize both Protestant and Catholic Churches in Kenya to get involved in HIV/AIDS prevention. The project attempts to capitalize on the appeal of churches across ethnic, gender, age, economic, and social lines to reduce high risk sexual behavior. It encourages the expansion of church-led, local, HIV/AIDS programs. Thus far, two major policy statements on HIV/AIDS have been distributed by...
This collection of essays, published by the Sicilian Renaissance Institute, explores the role of religious experiences in crime prevention using Sicily as a case study. Contributors include Leoluca Orlando, ex-mayor of Palermo, Cardinal Salvatore Pappalardo, and Mons. Salvatore di Cristina, the Auxiliary Bishop of Palermo. They all emphasize the importance of the role played by the Catholic Church in the struggle against the Mafia, paying particular attention to various religious initiatives...
In this series of documents based on a July 2002 conference, the World Faiths Development Dialogue discusses the involvement of religious organizations in poverty reduction strategy programs. Included are papers on the relationship between faith-based organizations and development in Tanzania, Guatemala, Mozambique, Mali, Ghana, and Cameroon. The documents focus on area of development, such as urban, rural, and youth poverty, vulnerable populations, education, access to drinking water,...
Journeys of Faith describes and analyzes innovative HIV/AIDS programs carried out by churches and other Christian organizations in Mozambique, Namibia, and South Africa. Written by Canon Gideon Byamugisha, Lucy Y. Steinitz, Glen Williams, and Phumzile Zondi , this book is the sixteenth in the Strategies for Hope Series, which argues for the importance of religious institutions in promoting good health. Journeys of Faith is narrative in nature, explaining how religious faith bolstered the...
This final declaration from the African Religious Leaders Assembly on Children and HIV/AIDS urges a partnership between religious organizations, governmental leaders, and non-governmental sectors to care for children affected by HIV/AIDS and to reduce stigma associated with the disease. It outlines a commitment to defend children with HIV/AIDS against social stigma, to increase educational efforts, and to improve access to medical care and information. The report also pledges to petition...
In this paper Sulak Sivaraksa, founder of the International Network of Engaged Buddhists and winner of the Right Livelihood award, argues that successful development is rooted in traditional wisdom and rejects capitalist triumphalism. He emphasizes that a commitment to humility and simplicity translates into a just and sustainable economic system that respects the needs of all. The text closes with Sivarkasa's reminder that social transformation begins with individuals choosing to live by...
In this statement delivered at a colloquium entitled "Recontres de Fes: Une Ame Pour la Mondialisation," United Religions International Coordinator Andre Porto reflects on the challenges of globalization. He criticizes the overwhelming role of secularism, materialism, and consumerism in the modern global scene. Porto advocates for “Spiritual Citizenship” based on the recognition of common nature and value of diverse peoples through spirituality. While he expresses concern for the negative...
In this document, Katherine Marshall details her experiences at the Fez Colloquium and Dialogue about the Challenges of Globalization in June 2002, where she discussed poverty, interdependence, and economic development. This document is a compilation of her informal notes immediately following the event. It provides an overview of the colloquium with its theme of "Giving Soul to Globalization: Paths to Wisdom," a day by day narrative, and her reflections on what was discussed.
In this information package, the Catholic Medical Mission Board (CMMB), a leading U.S.-based Catholic charity that provides healthcare to people in need worldwide, introduces itself and offers insight on some of its project initiatives. CMMB focuses on procurement and shipping of medicines and supplies, volunteer placement, and training of indigenous healthcare workers. Its programs target victims of HIV/AIDS, lymphatic filariasis, tuberculosis, and neuro-development issues. CMMB has served...
This concept paper for a proposed conference on "Religious Faith and International Humanitarian Assistance" sponsored by the American Red Cross identifies key issues affecting interreligious cooperation among relief and development organizations and discusses the scope of the conference material. It also offers five questions to aimed at guiding the break-out discussions. These reference issues such as post-9/11 trends among Islamic NGOs and the impact of sector professionalization for...
The Winter 2002 edition of the Ford Foundation Report features three articles based on the foundation's efforts to examine and promote religious pluralism. These articles include an interview on Islamic modernism with Muslim scholar Abdullahi An-Na'im, a report from Newark, NJ about religion in American daily life, and an interview with religious scholar Elaine Pagels about the spirit of inquiry in early Christianity. Other articles discuss the impact of immigration on the Midwest, the work...
This brochure highlights the work of the Islamic Medical Association of Uganda, particularly in HIV/AIDS prevention. It outlines eight health projects, implementation of a training program at Saidina A bubakar Nursing Home, and construction of a Saidina A bubakar Hospital and Training Center. The Islamic Medical Association targets all Ugandans, but gives particular attention to Muslim communities. It consists of 350 health professionals and partners with agencies such as USAID, UNICEF, UNDP,...
In this factsheet, POLICY Project highlights its work with faith-based organizations fighting HIV/AIDS. Partnering with the (Anglican) Church Province of Southern Africa, POLICY works to incorporate new organizations into existing networks of FBOs fighting HIV/AIDS. Programs include technical assistance, small grants, mentoring, capacity development, awareness raising and training workshops, support for network formation and maintenance, and conferences. The factsheet describes examples of...
In this paper, Maryann Cusimano Love, an associate professor at Catholic University of America, discusses the gaps created by capitalism and globalization. She asks whether religious institutions, commonly described in political science literature as sources of conflict, can help to bridge these gaps. She focuses on the institutions of the US Catholic Church and its ability to alleviate discrepancies caused by globalization. This paper was presented at the American Academy of Religions...
In this article Katherine Marshall, now a senior fellow at the Berkley Center at Georgetown University, focuses on events leading up to the creation of the World Faiths Development Dialogue (WFDD), such as the Millennium Summit of Religious Leaders at the United Nations and the Colloquium on Globalization, and the role of faith-based institutions in the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Marshall also elaborates on the role of religion and the World Bank's development...
The CCIH Forum, a publication of Christian Connections for International Health, contains articles detailing the work of Christian churches and communities engaged in health care provision. These are based on the discussions that took place at a CCIH-sponsored conference entitled "Challenges for the Church: AIDS, Malaria, and Tuberculosis." The articles range from comparative studies of church efforts in Uganda, Senegal and Jamaica to personal reflections on experiences at the conference.
This report by the Commission of the Bishops' Conference of the European Community draws upon personal experiences as well as the Catholic Church's social teaching in order to address the concept of global governance and credible mechanisms for its implementation. Global governance is a networked approach to solving international problems engaging governments, business, non-governmental organizations, churches, and religious communities. The report discusses ways in which global governance...
This document is a country report of the HIV/AIDS situation in Indonesia. It was published as part of the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS and highlights multisectoral approaches to combat the virus. Programmes include IEC (Information, Education, Communication), prevention, testing and counseling, treatment and care, education and training, research and development, monitoring and evaluation, international cooperation, and laws and regulation. The multidimensional...
The statement "HIV/AIDS & Gender Equality: Transforming Attitudes and Behaviors" outlines the Bahá'í perspective on critical issues surrounding the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Gender inequality, stigma, and the role of faith communities in mitigating both of these are the main focus. The Bahá'í view is that as interaction between people of different faiths and cultures increases, the traditions and practices that discriminate against women will gradually give way; only spiritual transformation can...
In "The Impact of Religious Organizations in Promoting HIV/AIDS prevention," Edward C. Green of Synergy Project and Harvard School of Public Health discusses primary behavior change and the involvement of religious leaders and organizations in HIV/AIDS initiatives. He concludes that resources should be more evenly allocated between prevention initiatives encouraging behavioral change and initiatives that distribute condoms. Countries of interest include Uganda, Senegal, and Jamaica. Green...
In this report, Aprodev outlines the work of the New Delhi Colloquium on Christianity, Poverty and Wealth in the 21st Century. The colloquium explored 24 case studies of national and local experiences, and was aimed at revitalizing the debate about these topics within the ecumenical and Christian communities. The report opens with a brief history of the process leading up to the creation of the case studies. It proceeds to outline the new findings of the colloquium, outlines a set of five...
David Crocker, Professor at the University of Maryland, analyzes the relationship between globalization, development, and public policy in a presentation to the General Assembly of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences. He explores the ethical implications of development policies and the need for philosophers and ethicists to engage in moral evaluation. He traces the history of moral philosophers, from Mahatma Gandhi in the 1940s to Paul Streeten and Amaryta Sen in the late 1990s and...
In a speech to the Union of American Hebrew Congregations on the 40th Anniversary of the Religious Action Center for Reform Judaism, Cardinal Theodore McCarrick discusses Judeo-Catholic cooperation on poverty and social justice issues. He believes Judeo-Christian cooperation is most comprehensive in the United States and urges the religious community to extend its efforts to preventing conflict and deprivation in the Middle East and Africa. He concludes by reaffirming the role of religion in...
This document contains the code of conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs involved in disaster relief. The Code lays out certain standards of behavior and expectations through which operations can maintain independence and effectiveness. It emphasizes the need to comply with all International Humanitarian Law. Furthermore, the code lays out a clear description of the working relationship the Red Cross/Crescent strives for between host governments, donor...
In her address to a conference on child poverty convened by the British Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown, the Reverend Agnes Mukandoli speaks of the church's efforts to combat child poverty in Rwanda. She urges her audience to renew its commitment to achieving international development goals by 2015 and thanks international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank for their contributions. Reverend Mukandoli is a Mothers' Union worker for the Anglican Church...
Prepared by Richard Bonney and Ashraf Hussain from the University of Leicester Center for the History of Religious and Political Pluralism, "Faith Communities and the Development Agenda" surveyed a number of faith communities in Britain to determine the level of awareness on development issues so that an assessment for future collaboration could be made. People from eight religious traditions were surveyed: Baháí, Buddhist, Christian, Hindu, Jain, Jewish, Muslim, and Sikh. The study concluded...
This report is the product of the All Africa Anglican Conference, held in August 13-16, 2001 in Cape Town. It serves as a guide which outlines an HIV/AIDS counteraction plan for the Anglican Communion. The plan includes measures that cover prevention, pastoral care, counseling, HIV care, and giving dignity to the dying and dead. It also emphasizes the need for education, training, and effective leadership which can diminish the stigma surrounding those affected by HIV/AIDS and their families....
MAP International provides a course of study for theological colleges and religious organizations in Africa to better address and combat the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The program originated in June 2000 in conversations among deans, principals, theologians and representatives from twenty theological institutions from fourteen countries in east and southern Africa. In July 2001, the first draft of the curriculum was implemented; curricular development was supported by the World Council of Churches....
In this paper, Stan Houston assesses the long term impacts of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on HIV/AIDS and the overall health of populations in Africa. He outlines the health crisis in Africa, funding for ART, the prevention of transmission of HIV/AIDS from mother to child, the difficulties of monitoring ART programs, drug quality, drug resistance, and the effects of ART on patients, healthcare workers, governments, and the public. Houston ultimately concludes that the risks of ART should not...
This World Faiths Development Dialogue publication features extracts of comments and articles from leaders, scholars, and organizations in the wake of the 9/11 attacks on the United States. The subjects of quotations range from the treatment of women in Islam, eradication of poverty, and the imperative response of all religions to the events of 9/11. Contributors include former Archbishop of Canterbury Dr. George Carey, His Holiness the Dalai Lama, Rabbi Lerner, Caritas Internationalis, and...
This document discusses issues of sustainable development and ecology from a religious perspective. It describes the cooperative effort of the World Bank, the World Wildlife Fund, and the Alliance for Religions and Conservation to preserve the Mongolian environment in the post-Soviet era. Modern conservation efforts have been supported by the environmental reverence, deification, and overall respect which is foundational to traditional Mongolian belief systems and Buddhism in the country. In...
This Alliance of Religions and Conservation (ARC) news release outlines various actions taken by religious groups around the world to protect animals and the environment. The document includes a summary of ARC projects and a briefing for journalists. Notable projects include an environmental audit and conversation program undertaken by the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism and the Union of American Hebrew Congregations, a biosphere reserve created by the Islamic government in Saudi...
In this memorandum, president of the International Center for Religion and Diplomacy Douglas Johnston recounts the meeting of prominent Sudanese and international religious leaders and scholars which took place in Khartoum and which addressed the religious aspects of political conflict and social tensions in Sudan. The government sought, through this meeting, to portray a more egalitarian and open attitude towards all citizens. Co-sponsors of the meeting included the International Center for...
In this article written on behalf of the Dharma Drum Mountain Buddhist Association of the United States, author Venerable Sheng-yen underscores the traditional environmentalist spirit of Buddhism and discusses how Dharma Drum carries out environmental tasks at a spiritual level. Sheng-yen identifies four types of environmentalismnatural environmentalism, lifestyle environmentalism, social etiquette environmentalism, and spiritual environmentalismthat must be incorporated into the broader...
Martin Kaplan, lawyer and national officer of the American Jewish Committee, outlines the importance of environmental care in relation to Jewish teachings in the Torah. He points to broad Jewish themesethics of responsibility, commitment to justice, obligation to work to heal the worldthat provide a foundation for theologically-motivated environmental action. He describes the extent and urgency of current environmental challenges, common ground found with Christianity, and the imperative to...
In the final report of its Workshop on Poverty, the Millennium World Peace Summit for Religious and Spiritual Leaders affirms the need for attention to poverty and its ill effects. The report addresses hunger, illiteracy, and unequal distribution of wealth, among other symptoms of poverty. It calls on the United Nations to devote more attention to the eradication of poverty, to broaden approaches to poverty reduction beyond economics, to actively renounce corruption, and to collaborate with...
In this working paper which provided the basis for his keynote address presented at the 4th International Conference on Islamic Economics and Banking, Ismail Sirageldin assesses poverty reduction strategies through the lens of Islamic ethics. Islam in this context is understood as an ethical system based on four basic tenets: unity, equilibrium, free will, and responsibility. Together, these tenets serve as an “ethical filter” for assessing social policies and require that all...
In this speech delivered at the 4th International Conference on Islamic Economics and Banking, Saudi Prince Mohamed Al-Faisal Al-Saud traces the history of Islamic finance beginning with the establishment of the Islamic Development Bank in 1972. He then discusses the basis of Islamic economic theory and warns against overemphasis of marketable products at the expense of underlying philosophy and theory. He concludes by delineating the moral obligations that Muslims have to end poverty and...
In this joint statement, the participants of the Conference on Alleviating Poverty in Africa, sponsored by the Council of Anglican Provinces of Africa and the World Bank, discuss issues of particular importance to Africa and its development, such as poverty, education, health, governance, and economic growth. The participants included representatives of 20 African nations, 17 Christian denominations, of the Archbishop of Canterbury, and of the President of the Pontifical Council for Justice...
Author Charles L. Glenn reviews the policies and practices of governments in the United States and Europe in regards to interactions with faith-based schools and also with such social agencies as the Salvation Army and Teen Challenge. He seeks to answer key theoretical and practical questions: Why should government make greater use of faith-based providers? How could they do so without violating First Amendment limits? What working relationships protect the goals and standards both of...
This summary outlines the religious basis, methods, and accomplishments of the Holy Redeemer's Finance Corporation's Family Debt Relief and Development Programme. The programme works to relieve the humiliation and depression accompanying prolonged debt, particularly family debt. It draws on proverbs, religious teachings, and government data for support. It offers a number of suggestions, including rural debt relief through credit unions, urban debt relief through finance corporations, and...
Edited by Cynthia Sampson and John Paul Lederach, this collection of essays chronicles, analyzes, and evaluates the Mennonite contribution to a new cultural paradigm in conflict resolution and peacebuilding theory and practice which includes religion-based approaches. Here, essayists provide a thorough account of Mennonite initiatives to prevent, resolve, or transform conflict in a variety of settings. Part One of this volume sets the subject in historical context. Part Two presents case...
This report by William F. Ryan, SJ, published in cooperation with the International Development Research Centre, expands on the themes of a Science, Religion, and Development project conference. Major themes include alternatives to reductionist science, the concept of worldviews, the dangers of dualisms, the necessity of reducing oneself to zero in order to be an effective leader, community-based approaches, religion vs. spirituality, and plans for future action. The conference took place in...
This introduction to the World Bank's World Development Report 2000/2001 describes poverty as a multi-dimensional problem and documents its extent and distribution across the world. Then, it offers strategies for its reduction within this framework, including opportunity promotion, empowerment of the poor, and security enhancement. Finally, it examines challenges and opportunities for the implementation of these strategies by avenues like private investment, legal reform, and improved risk...
This paper by the World Faiths Development Dialogue is based on a similar paper entitled "Understanding Poverty." It critiques the World Bank's World Development Report (WDR) 2000/1 for failing to address the main issues raised by religious communities such as the importance of values, moral education, and the responsibilities of the rich towards the poor in fighting global poverty. This paper details these issues to provide a more comprehensive understanding of poverty than...
This book, published by the International Development Research Centre in 2000 and edited by Sharon Harper, reflects on the fundamental links between science, religion, and development. It also considers the importance of these relationships in the implementation of development projects. A compilation of work from a variety of the authors, the chapters of the book are entitled "The Principle of Fundamental Oneness," "Solidarity with the Poor," "Rediscovering the Resources of Religion," and...
This document by the World Faiths Development Dialogue (WFDD) comments on the World Bank's World Development Report 2000 and focuses on religion's role in development, human rights, poverty, the environment, and cultural issues. "A Different Perspective" endorses several aspects of the World Development Report, but also engages in constructive criticism. It stresses the need to focus on people-centered development that helps the most marginalized, highlights the importance of recognizing...
This work by Kees Biekart examines the political aspects of civil society building and the role of non-governmental development aid agencies during democratic transitions in Central America. The Politics of Civil Society Building is a comparative study of the policies, practices, and political impact of European NGO aid interventions. In his research, Biekart first discusses the dynamics of transition and changing relations between the state and civil society, explaining the historical...
These three papers discuss values and views of poverty within the framework of the authors' respective faiths. The papers were presented by Buddhist, Baha'i, and Ismaili Muslim faith delegates at the World Bank-organized conference "Values, Norms and Poverty: A Consultation on the World Development Report 2000/1." The first paper is "Religious Values and the Measurement of Poverty: A Buddhist Perspective: by P.D. Premasiri of University of Peradeniya in Sri Lanka. The second paper...
In this paper, John D. Clark discusses the challenges of globalization and various methods to move globalization along a more ethical course. He believes "ethical globalization" is effective and necessary for a number of reasons. First, certain problems can be solved only on an international scale, and second, citizens, rather than politician, must shape the international ethical, political agenda. Thirdly, governments and international institutions must be held accountable for their actions;...
In this discussion paper, the World Faiths Development Dialogue suggests key issues to be considered in the World Bank's World Development Report 2001, which focuses on poverty and development. Recommendations include (i) the danger posed by globalization to cultural diversity, (ii) the necessity of equitable distribution in development, and (iii) the human responsibility to take care of all living things. The paper also recommends addressing the importance of social networks and...
The World Faiths Development Dialogue (WFDD) discusses a declaration of rights and responsibilities for the religions of the world that analyzes economic and social developmental successes within a religious framework. WFDD believes development cannot be evaluated solely on quantitative criteria. The ethical intentions and outcomes of programs must also be considered. It lists important, ethical principles and suggestions for translating principles into action. Finally, it points out a...
This volume presents detailed research of the nonprofit sectors in Brazil, Ghana, Egypt, India, and Thailand. It recognizes that there has been a significant upsurge of organized private, nonprofit activity in Asia, Africa, and Latin America in recent years, and that there is a new appreciation of the important role that nonprofit organizations can play in the processes of economic and political change. Long recognized as instruments of relief and promoters of human rights, such organizations...
The World Conference on Religion and Peace report from the "Religions and Poverty" conference of March 1998 includes the conference summary, papers presented, conclusions, and final declaration. The conference, resulting from cooperation of the World Conference and Religion and Peace (WCRP) and the Social Development and Poverty Elimination Division of the UNDP and hosted by Rissho Kosei-kai, convened religious leaders and development experts in Tokyo to discuss common values and...
In this closing statement, the co-chairs of the World Faiths Development Dialogue, Archbishop of Canterbury George Carey and World Bank President James Wolfensohn, report on the progress made during the World Faiths and Development conference between religious leaders and development experts. They emphasize areas of consensus, such as the importance of promoting both material and spiritual well-being and the need to learn from a broad range of secular and religious actors involved in...
In this address delivered at the World Faiths Development Dialogue Meeting of Religious Leaders, Prince El Hassan bin Talal discusses the Islamic economic model, particularly in reference to fiscal finance and sustainable development. He avoids delving too deeply into the complex relationship between economics and ethics, but does explain the limitations of Islamic theology to ensure necessary action on issues such as environmental protection. In the address, he attempts to extrapolate from...
In an address at the World Faiths Development Dialogue meeting of religious leaders, Prince El Hassan bin Talal of Jordan discusses development, economics, and ethics. He seeks to identify the common ground among world religions in economic development and the historical common ground of economics and ethics. He believes leaders such as Amartya Sen and the World Bank are directing economic dialogue in the right direction, towards a renewed focus on welfare economics. The address was given in...
This collection of papers offers perspectives on economic development from a variety of religious traditions including Baha’i, Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Sikhism, and Taoism. It provides a critique of contemporary economic affairs and suggests alternative modes for development inspired from religious foundations and reflection. Produced in 1998, the publication developed out of the World Bank-World Religions Meeting at Lambeth Palace, London during which the...
This World Faiths Development Dialogue study tells the story of the National Forum of Fish Workers, a Christian-inspired movement that began in Kerala, India in the 1970s and now includes fishing communities of many faiths. The report give a background of Indian fisheries, involvement of the church and women, and the growth of fish workers' organizations. It concludes by putting the National Forum of Fish Workers into a broader Christian context of development as a means to achieve freedom.
This statement was released in 1997 by the Religious Working Group on the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. It outlines seven moral principles that serve as responsibilities and guidelines for institutional action. Focusing on debt restructuring and new loans, the statement advocates against "debt sustainability," because it traps people in poverty as they continue to pay resource-draining debts. The statement is deeply-rooted in the Christian tradition, but it acknowledges...
Despite Americans' traditional emphasis on the separation of church and state, both in theory and practice, few are aware of the hundreds of millions of public dollars that flow annually to religiously based nonprofit organizations. Monsma explores the implications of this financial relationship between government and faith-based organizations, using data gathered in a large nation-wide survey of nearly 800 FBOs. He argues for a new standard for evaluating the relationship between federal...
Edited by Douglas Johnston and Cynthia Sampson, Religion, The Missing Dimension of Statecraft (Oxford, 1995) describes modern cases where religion or spirituality made a significant contribution to non-violent conflict resolution. Examples range from post-WWII Franco-German reconciliation to the end of apartheid in South Africa and the role of the Philippine Catholic Church in the 1986 revolution. Other supporting essays explore the role of religion in political theory and consider the...
This study assesses the implementation and sustainability of interactive radio instruction for mathematics in Bolivian primary schools, a project carried out by Fe y Alegria and later handed over to the Bolivian government for management. Over the course of seven years, the program spread to reach approximately 600,000 primary school children and 8,000 teachers. This report analyzes the effects of the Radio Learning Project on Bolivian primary education, the widespread support of teachers...
This declaration outlines an interfaith code of ethics for international business based on justice, mutual respect, stewardship, and honesty, values found within all three of the Abrahamic religions. The first section reviews the discussions and methodology which shaped the declaration's content. Section two more deeply explores the four key principles before offering more specific guidelines regarding economic systems, business operations, and individual conduct in business matters. The...
In this working paper prepared for the World Bank, Donna Lee Bowen provides background on Islamic legal principles in order to discuss the status of women and legal reforms in the context of Islamic law. She discusses the tension in the Muslim world arising from the extensive reallocation of resources needed to reflect equitable gender statuses, the social dynamics of gender roles, and conflict with the West. The paper outlines a broad range of views, grounded in Islamic law, on the status of...
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) outlines the civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights of children. Regarding child rights, the convention stipulates that every child has the right to life, his or her identity, to be raised by his or her parents, to be protected from abuse or exploitation, and to have their privacy protected. The treaty also forbids capital punishment for children. The UNCRC was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on...
Sollicitudo Rei Socialis, released on the 20th anniversary of Paul VIs Populorum Progressio, continues in the tradition of Catholic social teaching begun by Leo XIII and focuses on the notion of development, especially the influential, large-scale actions of nations and corporations. The accumulation of wealth in North America and Europe has led to an increasing disparity vis-à-vis poorer, developing nations in Africa and Latin America. The encyclical decries the fact that nations continue to...
Popolorum Progressio, released amid the tumultuous late 1960s, expresses Pope Paul VI's concerns regarding growing global inequality and the prevalence of dire poverty in the developing world. It links basic tenets of Christianity with the moral imperatives created by the unequal distribution of material resources. In addition, the encyclical decries the political instability and social conflict that often flow from such radically unjust arrangements. While praising those who seek to redress...
The Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees defines who is a refugee and outline their rights and the responsibilities of states that grant asylum. According to Article 4 of the document, states who are signatory to the convention are to provide refugees in their territories the freedom to practice their religion; the convention also prohibits discrimination on the basis of religion. The United Nations adopted the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees in 1951. It was initially...
Exsul Familia, an Apostolic Constitution of Pope Pius XII, is considered a magisterial magna carta on migration that systematically lays outs the challenges of and principles for providing spiritual assistance to migrants. Holding up the Holy Family (Jesus, Mary, and Joseph) as refugee archetypes, Pius XII first reviews the Church's past efforts, including care for pilgrims and pastoral ministry in diverse languages, as well as more recent work with immigrants to the Americas and across...
In this booklet, Christian Aid assesses the challenges facing African churches in their fight to stop the HIV/AIDS epidemic and explores ways for churches and individuals in the United Kingdom to assist them in their mission. In detail, it describes what the HIV/AIDS epidemic looks like in Africa, summarizes the salient obstacles for churches, and spotlights the problem of orphans. The discussion then shifts towards action, detailing unsuccessful behavioral changes, reasons for hope, and...
Catholic Relief Services, an organization that coordinates relief and development efforts in over 100 countries, has translated its experience into reports, case studies, and guidelines, which it makes available online. The Resource Page provides information on topics ranging from agriculture and education to water sanitation and microfinance. The page emphasizes resources for peacebuilding and combating HIV/AIDS, and more general tools for program implementation and development.
The Ecumenical Advocacy Alliance represents a global network of churches and faith-inspired organizations who work to fight injustice and assaults on human dignity. The EAA's online Resource Library includes information and documents on issues like global trade, HIV/AIDS, and conflict resolution, in formats ranging from news articles and reports to speech transcripts and press releases. Users can search for resources through simple keyword searches, by related event or subject, or by format...
In this pamphlet, Expanded Church Response (ECR) outlines its ECR Trust, a network of Protestant churches responding to HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria in Zambia. ECR seeks to provide moral guidance for the country, respond to the biblical mandate to help the vulnerable, coordinate and develop human capital that could be used for volunteerism, effectively use physical assets around the country, and facilitate collaboration of other faith-based organizations with similar missions. ECR...
A Netherlands initiative, supported by organizations within the Catholic, Protestant, Islamic, and Hindu traditions, the Knowledge Centre Religion and Development unites academic research with practical insight to improve the work of development organizations around the world. The Centre's website offers online access to many of its publications, including topical overview booklets and speech transcripts. Documents from the Centre's conferences on religion and development are also available,...
The Micah Network unites over 300 Christian relief, development, and justice organizations from across the globe. The organization's website offers resources on the intersection of development and disability, the HIV/AIDS pandemic, and community development best practices. The Integral Mission Resource Library offers congregations and church partners a variety of resources intentionally gathered from different regions of the world and ranging from theological papers to worship resources,...
A site maintained by international development expert Linda Mayoux, Microfinance for Empowerment challenges development practitioners to reconsider whether current microfinance "best practices" are adequately supporting gender equality. The website outlines possibilities for improving the kinds of financial products and services banks offer women, as well as network and advocacy areas for moving change forward. The Microcredit Summit Campaign is one such initiative. Microfinance for...
As part of the Bush Administration’s Office of Community and Faith-Based Initiatives, USAID has begun to work more closely with faith-based organizations doing development work overseas. This resource page provides links to other