In God, Muhammed and the Unbelievers David Marshall focuses his book on the information, rules, and writings located in the Qu'ran on unbelievers. Marshall argues that Islamic sources move from a multifaceted understanding of unbelievers to a more stalwart, vaguely hostile one, though Allah still calls upon the Prophet Muhammed to forgive unbelievers. Marshall argues that the Meccan part of Muhammed's life leaned more towards tolerance of unbelief, with more conflict when he was in Medina, though violence occurred between persecuted Muslims and stronger unbelievers. Marshall then ties this analysis to contemporary understandings of the texts in interreligious dialogue. The book was published by Routledge in print in 1999 and as an eBook in September 2013.
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