Kristian Coates Ulrichsen connects the different uses of religious soft power in Abu Dhabi and Qatar to diverging understandings of regime security, threat perception, and regional stability after the 2011 Arab Spring.
Rositsa Atanasova explores Turkish and Saudi influence on Islamic institutions in Bulgaria after the fall of communism, noting how Turkey enjoys unrivaled prominence among Sunni Muslims in Bulgaria after the Saudi withdrawal from the country.
Prashant Waikar and Mohamed Nawab Mohamed Osman consider the 2019 Kuala Lumpur Summit as a site of geopolitical competition in the Muslim world and note how the summit reflects increasing tensions between Malaysia and Saudi Arabia, as Malaysia vies for a larger role in the Muslim world.